Jewish Temperament

Understanding temperament through the prism of Chassidus and Kabbalah

The Menorah

by Zalman

This week’s parsha, Beha’alotecha, opens with the command to Aharon:

בְּהַעֲלֹתְךָ אֶת הַנֵּרֹת, אֶל מוּל פְּנֵי הַמְּנוֹרָה יָאִירוּ שִׁבְעַת הַנֵּרוֹת
When you “lift” the lights of the Menorah, the seven lights should shine in the direction of the middle branch.

The Alter Rebbe explains in Likutei Torah that the Menorah represents the Jewish People, as expressed in their mission: to bring G-d’s light into this world. Consequently, the seven lights represent seven ways the Jewish People bring light into the world. Not surprisingly, the seven ways also correspond to the seven emotional Sefirot, from Chessed to Malchus. The seven methods to bring G-d into this world:

Chessed is the path of love and generosity. With Chessed, we learn to appreciate the wonders of the stimulating world around us. We come to recognize its Creator and attempt to become closer to Him. We spread His light generously to everybody and anybody who might be impacted by it. And we show people the excitement of living a higher life.

Gevurah is the path of intensity. In this path, we come to revere and respect the Creator of our awe-inspiring universe. We grow little by little, we take step after step, to become a more worthy and deserving recipient of G-d’s light. We are exacting in our performance of our duties and we influence others to become better as well.

Tiferes is the path of simplicity. Those who follow this path bring light primarily by studying Torah assiduously. We recognize the great gift G-d gave us in the form of the Torah, we realize how unified we can be with G-d through its study, and we try to ensure that others are learning Torah as well.

Netzach is the path of perseverance. In this path, we firmly resolve to spread G-dliness in the world, and we see it through to the end. We dig deep into our energy reserves, and there is not a single obstacle, even in this mundane world, that can stop us.

Hod is the path of submission. The followers of this path submit wholly to G-d, much like a servant to a master. We relinquish all of our wills and desires we may have, and trust completely in G-d, in the same manner that we fulfill His wishes to the fullest.

Yesod is the path of harmony. In this path, we bring harmony to heaven and earth, to the mundane and G-dly. We don’t view the world as an obstacle to G-d’s plan, rather the fulfillment of it, through revealing His presence within the physical. We draw from the power of the Torah, and apply it to the seeming lowliness of the world, to create a new phenomena: a world that reveals G-d.

Malchus is the path of pride. In this path, we realize that we are G-d’s children, and as such, we are royalty. We recognize that as princes, we must behave as befits people of our stature. We use our position to influence others positively, yet we employ calm and reasoned methods so that our words are received properly.

The Rebbe zy”a in Likutei Sichos emphasizes that although there are great differences between the seven paths, they all share the same purpose: to bring G-d’s light into the world. We are “workers of light”, and we must never forget our purpose.

Priestly Blessings

by Zalman

In this week’s Parsha, Naso, we learn about the ברכת כהנים, the priestly blessings. Traditionally, the priests are instructed to bless the Jewish People daily. Nowadays this generally occurs on holidays. The priestly blessings include three specific blessings:

יְבָרֶכְךָ ה’ וְיִשְׁמְרֶךָ — May G-d bless you and protect you.
יָאֵר ה’ פָּנָיו אֵלֶיךָ וִיחֻנֶּךָּ — May G-d shine His countenance toward you and favor you.
יִשָּׂא ה’ פָּנָיו אֵלֶיךָ וְיָשֵׂם לְךָ שָׁלוֹם — May G-d lift His countenance toward you and grant you peace.

The בעל הטורים, a commentary on the Torah, correlates these three blessings to the forefathers: Avraham, Yitzchak, and Yaakov. It becomes clear, then, that these three blessings are also related to temperament.

The first blessing is the blessing of Avraham, the Artisan. It says in the verse “וה’ ברך את אברהם בכל” — G-d blessed Avraham with everything. In a similar vein, the commentaries explain that the first blessing, יברכך, refers to acquiring — and retaining — physical possessions.
Artisans, concrete as they are, seek physical stimulation in all things. Artisans have a tendency to acquire tangible things they can touch, feel, smell, taste. To an Artisan, the more they have, the more they own, the more they can touch, the bigger their world is. In Sefirot as well, the Artisan sits on the right path, the path of expansion, expanding their world at an ever-increasing pace.
In the first blessing of the priestly blessings, we receive the ability to influence as many physical items as possible, connecting them to G-d and imbuing them with G-d’s presence.

The second blessing is that of Yitzchak, the Guardian. A little known story about Yitzchak is that when he was being sacrificed by his father on the altar, his soul departed from the sheer trauma of the event. G-d had to bring the “shine” back to his eyes, bring his life back to him, so he could continue his mission in the world. That is the reference in the second blessing of G-d’s countenance “shining” toward us. On a more practical level, the commentaries explain, the second blessing alludes to spiritual growth, represented by both the “shining” light as well as “favor” mentioned in the blessing.
Guardians, explains Keirsey, have naturally low self-confidence. Fitting cleanly with the left path of the Sefirot, they don’t feel like they are very deserving without actually earning it. Many Guardians, in fact, would much rather begin at the bottom rung than at the top rung, if only to be able to climb the ladder and personally attain a level of authority and respectability. To a Guardian, self-worth is a life-long Avodah (labor), becoming ever-more respectable with their hard work.
In the second blessing, we receive the blessing of the Guardian: a life-long personal and spiritual ascent toward becoming more and more deserving of G-d’s countenance and His favor.

The third blessing belongs to Yaakov, the Idealist. Just as it says in the blessing that G-d will “lift His countenance”, so is the expression used that Yaakov “lifted his feet” to travel to his uncle. In the third blessing, we ask G-d to reach higher than even His name, to draw down the greatest blessing of all: peace. In fact, Rashi states that Yaakov specifically requested this particular blessing, after a lifetime of struggles, asking G-d for tranquility.
Keirsey calls Idealists “harmonizers”. Interestingly, Idealists live a most struggling life, always trying to bridge the gap between the way they perceive themselves and their need to be authentic. Idealists often berate themselves for negative thoughts and feelings they might have toward others, and in fact, feel pain whenever and wherever cruelty is to be found. If an Idealist were to be given a single wish that they could make come true, they would almost certainly wish for peace.
With the third blessing, we receive the ability to harmonize; for ourselves, for our families and friends, and peace and harmony for the world over. And as harmony goes, we need to reach deeper than the two sides to bring them peace. In the case of the priestly blessings, in order to bring harmony between the first blessing — physical possessions, and the second blessing — the spirituality of G-d’s countenance, we must reach even deeper than spirituality, into G-d Himself, to achieve true peace and harmony. And in Avodah, this refers to studying Torah, the harbinger of peace, along with the G-dly teachings of Chassidus.

And what of the Rational‘s blessing? Well, what do you think? Offer your thoughts in the comments.